The shear is one of the most
fundamental machines in nearly every machine shop, designed specifically to
effectively and efficiently cut material, both thick and thin in a quick and
timely manner. Like scissors, or any other shearing tool, the metal shear is
comprised of two blades; one on the lower end that is attached firmly on the
stationary table, and one on the upper end that is attached to the moving ram.
This ram can either be driven in several ways, but the two most commonly used
are either mechanical or hydraulic.
Hydraulic shears are driven by a
motor and pump that has oil pumped into various hydraulic valves and cylinders
that ultimately allow the ram to move. The hydraulic system allows for more
operator control, as you can adjust the speed and stroke of the machine to cut
accordingly, depending on size and thickness of the material. Also, since the
blade on hydraulic shears is driven by the two cylinders on each side of the
ram, operators are given a bigger advantage for rake adjustment. By increasing
the rake angles of the blades, thicker material can be handled and the capacity
of the shear can be effectively increased.
Mechanical shears on the other hand
are driven by an eccentric, which is triggered by a flywheel clutch
combination. This system allows the machine to be more rigid and have a faster
ram cycle than the hydraulic machine. However, unlike the hydraulic shears, the
mechanical shears offer less operator control and overload protection as they
typically cycle all the way through. This type of shear is more advantageous in
shops doing higher production and consistently cutting similar parts.
In summation, whether you go with a
mechanical or hydraulic shear will ultimately be on preference. However, if you are a shop looking for high
production and speed, it is probably best you look into a mechanical machine.
From what we have noticed, a hydraulic ¼” x 10’ shear seems to be the most
commonly desired machine – you should be able to find one for around $20 –
$25k, whereas a later model mechanical shear might cost you a bit more money.
If we could assist in your search, or help answer any questions, please don’t
hesitate to call us.
